12 Basic Motor Types Used For Industrial Electric Drives

Few Words About Electric Drives

Almost all modern industrial and commercial undertakings employ electric drive in preference to mechanical drive because it possesses the following advantages :

• It is simple in construction and has less maintenance cost
• Its speed control is easy and smooth
• It is neat, clean and free from any smoke or flue gases
• It can be installed at any desired convenient place thus affording more flexibility in the layout
• It can be remotely controlled
• Being compact, it requires less space
• It can be started immediately without any loss of time
• It has comparatively longer life.

However, electric drive system has two inherent disadvantages :

1. It comes to stop as soon as there is failure of electric supply and
2. It cannot be used at far off places which are not served by electric supply.

However, the above two disadvantages can be overcome by installing diesel-driven DC generators and turbine-driven 3-phase alternators which can be used either in the absence of or on the failure of normal electric supply.

Motor types for industrial electric drives

Ok, let’s take a short overview of twelve most basic motor types used for different industrial electric drives:

1. DC Series Motor
2. DC Shunt Motor
3. Cumulative Compound Motor
4. Three phase Synchronous Motor
5. Squirrel Cage Induction Motor
6. Double Squirrel Cage Motor
7. Slip ring Induction Motor
8. Single phase Synchronous Motor
9. Single phase Series Motor
10. Repulsion Motor
11. Capacitor start Induction run Motor
12. Capacitor start and run Motor

1. DC Series Motor

Since it has high starting torque and variable speed, it is used for heavy duty applications such as electric locomotives, steel rolling mills, hoists, lifts and cranes.

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