Electrical Thumb Rules You MUST Follow (Part 1)

Cable Capacity

• For Cu Wire Current Capacity (Up to 30 Sq.mm) = 6X Size of Wire in Sq.mm
  Ex. For 2.5 Sq.mm = 6×2.5 = 15 Amp, For 1 Sq.mm = 6×1 = 6 Amp, For 1.5 Sq.mm = 6×1.5 = 9 Amp
• For Cable Current Capacity = 4X Size of Cable in Sq.mm, Ex. For 2.5 Sq.mm = 4×2.5 = 9 Amp.
• Nomenclature for cable Rating = Uo/U
• where Uo = Phase-Ground Voltage, U = Phase-Phase Voltage, Um = Highest Permissible Voltage

Current Capacity of Equipment

• 1 Phase Motor draws Current = 7Amp per HP.
• 3 Phase Motor draws Current = 1.25Amp per HP.
• Full Load Current of 3 Phase Motor = HPx1.5
• Full Load Current of 1 Phase Motor = HPx6
• No Load Current of 3 Phase Motor = 30% of FLC
• KW Rating of Motor = HPx0.75
• Full Load Current of equipment = 1.39xKVA (for 3 Phase 415Volt)
• Full Load Current of equipment = 1.74xKw (for 3 Phase 415Volt)

Earthing Resistance

• Earthing Resistance for Single Pit = 5Ω, Earthing Grid = 0.5Ω
• As per NEC 1985 Earthing Resistance should be < 5Ω.
• Voltage between Neutral and Earth <= 2 Volt
• Resistance between Neutral and Earth <= 1Ω
• Creepage Distance = 18 to 22mm/KV (Moderate Polluted Air) or
• Creepage Distance = 25 to 33mm/KV (Highly Polluted Air)

Minimum Bending Radius

• Minimum Bending Radius for LT Power Cable = 12 x Dia of Cable.
• Minimum Bending Radius for HT Power Cable = 20 x Dia of Cable.
• Minimum Bending Radius for Control Cable = 10 x Dia of Cable.
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Insulation Resistance

• Insulation Resistance Value for Rotating Machine = (KV+1) MΩ.
• Insulation Resistance Value for Motor (IS 732) = ((20xVoltage (L-L)) / (1000+ (2xKW)).
• Insulation Resistance Value for Equipment (<1KV) = Minimum 1 MΩ.
• Insulation Resistance Value for Equipment (>1KV) = KV 1 MΩ per 1KV.
• Insulation Resistance Value for Panel = 2 x KV rating of the panel.
• Min Insulation Resistance Value (Domestic) = 50 MΩ / No of Points. (All Electrical Points with Electrical fitting & Plugs). Should be less than 0.5 MΩ
• Min Insulation Resistance Value (Commercial) = 100 MΩ / No of Points. (All Electrical Points without fitting & Plugs).Should be less than 0.5 MΩ.
• Test Voltage (A.C) for Meggering = (2X Name Plate Voltage) +1000
• Test Voltage (D.C) for Meggering = (2X Name Plate Voltage).
• Submersible Pump Take 0.4 KWH of extra Energy at 1 meter drop of Water.

 
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